суббота, 30 декабря 2023 г.

LETTERS ASKING FOR OR GIVING ADVICE

LETTERS ASKING FOR OR GIVING ADVICE

Letters asking for or giving advice can be formal or informal depending on the situation. A letter asking for advice can be sent to a friend or an advice column in a magazine. Details of the problem should be mentioned. A letter giving advice should contain suggestions introduced with appropriate language.

Asking for advice
Introduction: paragraph 1 - reason(s) for writing
Main Body: paragraphs 2, (3) - description of problem(s)
Conclusion: final paragraph - closing remarks


Useful Language for Letters Asking for Advice

Opening Remarks:
Formal
I am writing to ask if you could help me with ….
I would appreciate it if you could give me some advice about ….
I am writing to ask for your advice /I would be grateful if you could offer your advice ….
Could you possibly offer your advice …..
I wonder if you could help me with a problem, etc.
Informal
I'm writing to ask for your advice ….
Can you give me your advice ….
I've got a problem and I need your advice …; etc.

Closing Remarks:
Formal
I would appreciate it if you could give me your advice as soon as possible ….
I look forward to receiving your advice …..
It would be of great help if you could advise me, etc.
Informal
What do you think I should do?  
Please let me know what you think I should do.  
Please tell me what to do, etc.
What would you advise me to …?

Other useful expressions:
Informal
Do you think I should …?
Do you have any idea about …?
I was wondering if you …

Sample letter asking for advice (informal)

  Dear Pam,
  Sorry that I haven’t written for ages, but I’ve been very busy studying. I’m writing because I need your advice about a problem I have.
  My friends and I have decided to go away on holiday in the summer, but I don’t have enough money. I was wondering if you had any ideas about earning some extra cash. If I don’t save up enough money by August, I’ll have to go away with my parents instead. Can you think of anything that would help me to make some money quickly?
  What would you advise me to do? Please write back as soon as you can.
  Love,
  Mary

Giving advice
Introduction: paragraph 1 - thanks for letter/express understanding of problem
Main Body: paragraphs 2, (3) - suggestion(s) + reason(s)
Conclusion: final paragraph - closing remarks

Useful Language for Letters Giving Advice

Opening Remarks:
Formal
Thank you for your letter requesting …
I am writing in reply to your letter asking for advice about …
I hope the following advice will be of some help to you, etc.
Informal
I just got your letter and I think I can help you …
I was sorry to hear about your problem. Here's what I think you should do, etc.

Suggestions can be introduced with expressions such as:
Formal
I strongly recommend that …
I would suggest that …
I believe the best course of action is …
I would advise you to …
You should …
You ought to …
You cold also …
If I were you I would …
Informal
Why don't you …
You should …
You ought to …
It would be a good idea to …
What you should do is ...  
How about...
I think you should ...
The best advice I can give you is..., etc.

Closing Remarks:
Formal
I trust you will accept this advice.
I hope this will be of help.
I would very much like to know if this was helpful.
Informal
Hope this has helped.
Let me know what happens, etc.

Read the following letters and answer these questions.
Which letter is formal and which is informal?
What is the topic of each paragraph in each letter?
Replace the underlined phrases with other similar expressions, keeping the appropriate style.

Dear Miss Pierson, MODEL A
Thank you for your letter asking for my advice about what you should do now that you have finished school. There are a range of options for you to choose from.
If I were you, I would make a list of all the careers which may interest you and then decide which one you feel you are best suited to. You could also see a careers officer who would be able to give you professional advice. Furthermore, it would be a good idea to write to some universities and ask them to send you a prospectus; you may find a course which really appeals to you.
I hope these suggestions will be of help to youI wish you well in whatever course of action you decide upon.
Yours sincerely,
Linda Steel           


  Dear Stephanie
  Thanks for your letter asking me for advice about how to lose weight. I’m sure your problem isn’t as serious as you say it is.
  The best advice I can give you is to choose one diet and really stick to it for a couple of months. It’s pointless trying lots of different ones which only last a few days, as you’ve discovered! The most important thing to remember is to eat plenty of fruit and vegetables and to exercise regularly.
  If you follow my advice, I’m sure you’ll be back in shape in no time. Let me know how it goes.
  Love,
  Katе

понедельник, 11 декабря 2023 г.

четверг, 7 декабря 2023 г.

Thankless job as bad for heart as obesity

 Thankless job as bad for heart as obesity

Kaya Burgess Science Reporter

TheTimes | Wednesday September 20 2023

Men with stressful jobs who feel they get little reward or thanks for their work are twice as likely to develop heart disease as those in more fulfilling roles, a study has found — a similar risk to that associated with obesity.

 Researchers from Canada looked at a factor they called “job strain”, faced by workers who experience a “combination of high job demands and low control over their work”.

This can include roles with a heavy workload and tight deadlines where employees have “little Thankless job as bad for heart as obesity say in decision-making”.

They also looked at “effort-reward imbalance”, where workers feel that their “salary, recognition or job security [is] insufficient or unequal to the effort” required.

The researchers asked almost 6,500 participants, in mainly management, professional, technical and office-based roles, to rate the strain of their jobs and how well-rewarded they felt.

The study, published in the journal Circulation: Cardiovascular Quality and Outcomes, followed the workers over an 18-year period, from 2000 to 2018, and tracked those who had a “coronary heart disease event”.

The report added that the results were inconclusive for women. A separate study suggests that having highly educated colleagues can lower the risk of developing heart disease for both men and women.

Researchers in Sweden suggested that “highly educated colleagues have more knowledge of good health-related behaviours such as having a healthy diet, exercising and refraining from smoking” and said that “both good and bad habits can spread in social networks at work”. The study was published in the journal BMJ Open.

Pre-reading part

Task1. Paraphrase the statements. Do you agree or disagree? Why (not)? How is the statement related to the headline of the article?

The price of doing a job always less than the expense of doing it twice.

The man who works merely because he has to, will never advance.

Task 1. Make a list of glossary words from the words and phrases given in bold and provide Russian equivalents in written form.

While-reading part

Task 2. Read the article and be ready to translate it.

Task 3. Find in the text of the article sentences containing new vocabulary and explain the meaning in English. Make up sentences of your own using the new vocabulary.

Task 4. Make up a dialogue/interview using the new vocabulary.

Post-reading part

Task 5. Divide the text of the article into logical parts. Make up 2 questions to each part to ask your groupmates.

Task 6. Be ready to discuss in the classroom with your group mates:

А) What was the correspondent’s intention to tell the general public about?

B) What is the main idea/problem raised?

Task 7. Give a summary of the article.

Task 8. Write a rendering of the articleMind the rules of a rendering writing.

Task 9. Learn the new vocabulary from the article be ready to write the dictation-translation.